Efektivitas Virtual Reality Training Terhadap Kemampuan Fungsional Ekstremitas Atas pada Kasus Stroke: Studi Literatur
The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Training on The Upper Extremity Functional Abilities in Patient with Stroke: Literature Review
Abstract
Stroke adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh kematian jaringan pada otak. Masalah klinis yang timbul seperti gangguan motorik, sensorik, kognitif, bahasa, dan emosi. Gangguan motorik yang dialami oleh pasien stroke adalah penurunan kemampuan fungsional. Virtual reality training menjadi salah satu terapi latihan fisioterapi dalam menangani kasus stroke dan diperkirakan mampu mestimulasi neuroplastisitas sehingga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional ekstremitas atas pasien stroke. Studi ini adalah studi literature review dengan metode naratif untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas latihan virtual reality terhadap meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional ekstremitas atas pada kasus stroke. Hasil yang diperoleh Pemberian latihan virtual reality terbukti dapat meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional ekstremitas atas pada pasien stroke. Latihan virtual reality untuk stroke memberikan stimulasi audio dan visual yang memicu neuro-rehabilitasi sehingga terjadi pemetaan ulang kortikal. Dan juga memberikan motivasi sehingga memicu pasien stroke untuk melakukan latihan dengan repetisi yang banyak sehingga terjadi neuroplastisitas. dengan berbagai macam parameter seperti Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Scale (FMA-UE), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), dan Box and Block Test (BBT). Pemberian latihan fisioterapi menggunakan virtual reality dapat menjadi solusi intervensi untuk merehabilitasi dan meningkatkan fungsi ekstremitas atas jika memperhatikan beberapa hal, seperti metode virtual reality, dosis, dan ketersediaan alat terapi.
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