Gambaran Aktivitas Fisik, Keseimbangan dan Kebugaran Kardiorespirasi pada Lansia
Overview of Physical Activity, Balance, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of the Elderly
Abstract
Latar belakang: Populasi lansia terus mengalami peningkatan. Menjaga kebugaran di usia tua dengan melakukan aktivitas fisik sangat diperlukan karena hal tersebut merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam meningkatkan kapasitas fisik dan kemampuan fungsional lansia. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran aktivitas fisik, keseimbangan, dan kebugaran kardiorespirasi lansia di Yayasan Batara Hati Mulia, Kab. Gowa. Metode penelitian: Penelitian observasional dengan perencanaan deskriptif kategorik. Subjek penelitian adalah lansia sehat sebanyak 92 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Activities-specific Balance Confidence(ABC) dan International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ) menggambarkan aktivitas fisik, Time Up and Go Test(TUG) dan Dynamic Gait Index(DGI) menggambarkan keseimbangan dan Borg Scale serta 6 Minutes Walking Test(6MWT) menggambarkan kebugaran kardiorespirasi. Hasil: Jumlah sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi adalah 92 orang lansia. Hasil penelitian menampakkan mayoritas lansia masih beraktivitas sedang dan berat, memiliki fungsi fisik yang rendah sebanyak 33.7% dan memiliki fungsi fisik sedang sebanyak 40.2%. Keseimbangan lansia digambarkan melalui penilaian TUG dan DGI masing-masing 58.2% dan 76.1% yang menandakan berisiko jatuh tinggi. Kebugaran kardiorespirasi lansia berada pada kategori sangat rendah (71.7%) yang digambarkan melalui penilaian 6MWT. Simpulan : lansia di Yayasan Batara Hati Mulia, Kab, Gowa berada dalam tingkat fungsi fisik, keseimbangan, dan kebugaran kardiorespirasi yang rendah, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan terkait latihan fisik disertai dosis latihan yang tepat untuk mengoptimalkan kemampuan fisik, keseimbangan, dan kebugaran kardiorespirasi pada lansia.
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