UJI VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS STEP TEST SEBAGAI ALAT UKUR KESEIMBANGAN PADA LANSIA
Abstract
Lansia dalam beraktivitas memerlukan keseimbangan yang baik,
keseimbangan adalah interaksi dari tiga unsur yaitu kemampuan fisik menyangkut
sistem muskuloskletal dan lingkup gerak sendi (LGS), lingkungan aktivitas dan
beban kerja (Shumway-cook, 2001). Hasil penelitian uji validitas dan reliabilitas
step test sebagai alat ukur keseimbangan pada lansia ini di harapkan dapat di
jadikan pertimbangan pemilihan sebagai instrumen tes penyaringan resiko jatuh.
Faktor utama resiko jatuh pada lansia adalah fungsi keseimbangan, sehingga
dengan dilakukan pemeriksaan keseimbangan dengan step test secara dini di
harapkan dapat mencegah resiko jatuh pada lansia dalam beraktivitas. Di
Indonesia penelitian tentang alat ukur step test ini belum terlalu banyak. Dengan
adanya penelitian ini di harapkan akan menambah evidence based terhadap
validitas dan reliabilitas dari alat ukur keseimbangan step test ini. Pengukuran
untuk uji validitas di lakukan oleh 2 (dua) orang pengukur mengukur 30 subyek
penelitian , untuk uji reliabilitas interrater di lakukan oleh 3 (tiga) pengukur
terhadap 30 subyek penelitian dalam waktu yang sama, uji reliabilitas intrarater
di lakukan oleh 1 (satu) orang pengukur dalam 3 (tiga) kesempatan waktu yang
berbeda terhadap 30 subyek penelitian. Analisa statistik menggunakan Analisa
deskriptif, Uji validitas dengan korelasi Pearson dan Analisa uji reliabilitas untuk
mengetahui koefisien korelasi interrater dan intrarater dengan tehnik statistik
Reliability Analysis Scale atau ALPHA (Domhold, 2000). Uji validitas hasil
p=0,000 dan r=0,716 di mana dapat di putuskan ada hubungan antara step test dan
TUG tes dan hubungannya kuat, uji reliabiliatas interrater pengukur 1, 2 dan 3 di
peroleh nilai p=0,000 artinya ada hubungan antara pengukur 1, 2 dan 3 besar nilai
ICC = 0,98, uji reliabilitas intrarater di peroleh hasil dari pengukur 3 (tiga)
dalam 3 (tiga) kesempatan waktu yang berbeda nilai p=0,000 dapat di putuskan
bahwa ada hubungan antara pengukur 3 dalam kesempatan 1, 2 dan 3 besar nilai
ICC adalah 0,89. step test valid dan reliabel sebagai alat ukur keseimbangan pada
lansia.
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